GB
CAS No. 32058, Molecular Formula CH₄O
67-56-1; CH₃OH
molecular 32.04

clarify colorless liquid, irritating odor; vapor pressure 13.33kPa/21.2 ° C a flash point of 11 ° C; -97.8 ° C melting point; 64.8 boiling point ° C solubility : dissolve in water, immiscible in alcohol, ether, etc. Most organic solvents; density : relative density (water = 1) 0.79; the relative density (Air = 1) 1.11; Stability : stability; risk Marker 7 (flammable liquids) ; the main purposes : the main system for formaldehyde, flavors, dyes, medicines, gunpowder, etc. < antifreeze / P>

2. The impact on the environment :
a health hazard

pathways : inhaled, ingested, percutaneous absorption.
health hazards : on the central nervous system have a narcotic effect; The optic nerve and retina with special options, cause disease; May induced metabolic acidosis.
acute poisoning : Short-term inhalation showed a lot of eyes and upper respiratory tract symptoms (oral stimulation with gastrointestinal symptoms); The latency period of time after suffering headaches, dizziness, weakness, dizziness, drunk flu awareness instance, delirium, or even coma. The optic nerve and retinal lesions, which are blurred version, diplopia, severe blindness. Metabolic acidosis arise when combining carbon dioxide decline accelerated as breathing.
chronic effects : neurasthenic syndrome, autonomic dysfunction, irritation, such as the visually impaired. Skin degreasing, such as dermatitis.

two, toxicology information and environmental behavior

toxicity : It is a middle class drug.
acute toxicity : LD₅₀5628mg/kg (rat oral); 15800mg/kg (percutaneous rabbit); LC₅₀82776mg/kg, 4 hours (rat inhalation ); five people, as I ~ 10ml, the incubation period of 8 ~ 36 hours induced coma; the person I 15 ml, 48 hours within Retinitis blind; the person I was 30 100ml serious damage to the central nervous system, respiratory weak and die.
subacute and chronic toxicity : rats inhaled 50mg/m3, 12 hours / day, 3 months, in eight to 10 weeks can be seen within the trachea and bronchial mucosa damage, cerebral cortical cells nutritional disorders.
Mutagenicity : microbial mutagenicity : beer yeast 12pph. Inhibition of DNA : human lymphocytes 300 mmol / L, respectively.
reproductive toxicity : rat poisoning by mouth minimum concentration (TDL0) : 7500mg/kg (progesterone 7 ~ 19 days), the influential acts of newborn rats. Inhalation poisoning rats minimum concentration (TCL0) : 20000ppm (7 hours), (1 ~ pregnant 22 days), cause musculoskeletal, cardiovascular system and the urinary system abnormality.

hazardous characteristics : flammable vapor and air can form explosive mixtures. Case fire, high-heat combustion caused the explosion. Oxidants contact with a chemical reaction or cause a fire. In the scene, heating containers risk of explosion. Its vapor is heavier than air, will spread to the lower Department of considerable local and met the fire will generate a return to burning.
combustion (decomposition) products : carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide.

3. Emergency Monitoring Methods :
gas detector tube; The portable gas chromatography; Direct inlet gas chromatography
gas velocity measurement tube (Beijing by the insurance products)

4. Laboratory monitoring methods :
monitoring methods source categories
solvent desorption GC WS/T143-1999 workplace air
GC HJ/T33-1999 Solid
will exhaust pollution Chromotrope colorimetry;
Gas Chromatography, "the air of harmful substances Determination" (second edition), Hang Shi-ping series air
GC "water quality analysis Daquan" Zhang Hong Tao editor water
magenta Sulfitation "chemical substances harmful air Determination," the chemical industry enterprises Press chemical air

5. Environmental standards :
China (TJ36-79) Workshop harmful substances in the air that the maximum allowable concentration 50mg/m3
China (TJ36-79) Residential District of harmful substances in the atmosphere of the maximum allowable concentration 3.00mg/m3 (a value)
1.00mg/m3 (days average)
Chinese (GB16297-1996) Air Pollutant Discharge Standards â‘?maximum allowable emission concentrations (mg/m3) :
190 (Table 2); 220 (Table 1)
â‘?maximum allowable emission rate (kg / h) :
2 5.1 ~ 100 (Table 2); 6.1 ~ 130 (Table 1)
3 7.8 ~ 170 (Table 2); 9.2 ~ 200 (Table 1)
â‘?unorganized emissions monitoring the concentration limits :
12mg/m3 (Table 2); 15mg / m3 (Table 1)
the former Soviet Union (1978) surface of harmful substances in the maximum permissible concentrations of 3.0mg / L
the former Soviet Union (1978) water fishing highest permissible concentrations of 0.1 mg / L
former Soviet sewage harmful substances maximum permissible concentrations of 20 mg / L
olfactory threshold concentration 140mg/m3

6. Emergency treatment and disposal methods :
a leakage contingency

rapid withdrawal from air leakage personnel to a safe area, and isolation and strict restrictions on access. Cut off the fire source. Recommended emergency personnel wearing self-Pressurized respirators to wear protective clothing. Do not direct contact with leakage. As far as possible, cut off the source of leakage, prevent access to sewers, flood discharge trench so restrictive space. A small leak : sand or other materials Unburning adsorption or absorption. We could also use a lot of water washing, lotion diluted Add to the wastewater system. Large leak : to build a causeway or trenching asylum; Foam coverage, lower vapor disasters. Ex pump used to transfer tankers or exclusive collection devices. Recovery or shipped to the disposal of waste disposal sites.

two protective measures

respiratory protection : its vapor may come into contact with, they should wear protective masks filter type (half-mask). Emergency rescue or evacuation, it is recommended to wear air respirators.
eye protection : Wear protective chemical safety glasses.
physical protection : antistatic wear uniforms.
hand protection : Wear rubber gloves.
other : work site prohibit smoking, eating and drinking. Work to complete, take a shower. Implementation of pre-employment and periodic medical examinations.

three, and emergency measures

contact with the skin : stripped of contaminated clothing, use soap and water thoroughly washed skin.
eye contact : Did eyelid, mobile or saline irrigation water. Medical treatment.
Inhalation : rapidly from the scene to fresh air. To keep the airway patency. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If breathing stop immediately mouth. Medical treatment. Fresh into
: warm water to drink enough, the symptoms, water or 1% sodium thiosulfate solution gastric lavage. Medical treatment.

fire fighting methods : as far as possible to move containers from the scene empty Department. Water cooling containers to keep the fire until the end of fire. At the scene of containers, if any, change from the pressure relief safety devices have voices must evacuate immediately. Extinguishing agents : anti-insoluble foam, powder, CO2, sand.